Shopping For American Culture Essay - 906 Words

When James J. Farrell, professor of history, American studies, and American conversations at St. Olaf College wrote his article â€Å"Shopping for American Culture,† there were more malls than high schools within the United States. Malls were also generating more than 46.6 billion dollars in sales tax, which is â€Å"almost half of all state tax revenue.†1 Farrell recognizes these statements in the introduction of his article. In fact, he uses these statistics and determines that because of the population going to malls, shopping centers accurately reflect American culture. James Farrell suggests that to truly understand Americans and their culture, one must go to the places in which Americans congregate (malls). He supports the idea that†¦show more content†¦polls, survey questions, etc.). He cannot make that assumption because there are people who do not enjoy going to the mall. Another fault in Farrell’s reasoning is that one cannot buy an identity. W hile clothes and material objects can certainly create an identity of a sort, in today’s world of credit cards, expensive clothes do not necessarily indicate the wealth of a person. In the course of his article, Farrell promotes that the mall is the only source of American cultural information. â€Å"In short, malls help teach us the common sense of our culture. If we look closely at malls, we will soon be looking inside our own heads† (Farrell 251). First of all, not everybody goes to the mall to create or stimulate culture. Malls are also an enclosed environment and George Lewis in his article â€Å"Community Through exclusion and Illusion,† addresses the idea that since malls are enclosed, there is a false sense of community. â€Å" Malls can, and do, lure and assemble collectivities and crowds of shoppers, but these groups seldom share the common ties and engage in the sort of social interactions necessary to forge a sense of ‘weness’—of community—from the raw social material of a crowd.†2 Perhaps Lewis would say that Farrell has fallen into this trap of â€Å"community† that was created for the shoppers. While malls seemingly create a community, the populations at the malls are too diverse to create one uniform culture. Therefore it cannot beShow MoreRelatedTeen Shopping Habits1462 Words   |  6 PagesWith â€Å"mall rat† officially part of the Canadian vernacular, it’s not surprising that shopping malls top the list of where both female and male Teens hang out and shop. Teens also shop in numerous other venues, including discount stores, convenience stores, grocery stores, and more. But as per this observation paper I elected to head to the renowned Fairview mall to see what I can find in teen shopping habits and trends and how they vary between genders. I think that as the age goes up, so does theRead MoreThe Mall in America Essay1492 Words   |  6 PagesAMERICA Whenever we go out shopping or relaxing at malls, we actually don’t see or recognize any effects of malls as we mostly go there for these two reasons. Malls are an integral part in the lives of America. They are shopping centers that have created a lot of buzz in many writers. This is because we have more malls in America than high schools. Malls have received praises from people like James J. Farrell, Jon Pahl and George Lewis who view malls as not only shopping centers but also as placesRead MoreThe Effect of Shopping Experience on Cross Cultural Receptiveness in China1103 Words   |  5 PagesEffect of shopping experience On cross-cultural receptiveness in Chinese School of Business, Sun-Yat Sen University, Guangzhou Introduction Nowadays under the trend of globalization, like every other aspect in marketing changed in our life, more and more products are added some cross-culture mixing elements. For example, more Chinese movie have western actors and more Hollywood film conclude traditional Chinese like Panda or feature spots (C. Samuel Craig William H. Greene SusanRead MoreThe Signs Of Shopping By Malcolm Gladwell1203 Words   |  5 Pagessuccesses as your own. Advertisements within our capitalistic culture act as a way to force the customer into buying what the corporate overlords want you to buy. Anne Norton, author of â€Å"The Signs of Shopping† is a heavily published author, and has earned many awards in her field. In her essay, she explains how businesses use advertisement techniques to increase the profits in a retail store. Malcolm Gladwell, the author of â€Å"The Science of Shopping† is a staff writer for the New Yorker. In his essay, heRead MoreWal Mart Worldwide Development Proced ures Essay1695 Words   |  7 PagesU.S based company did not change the way they would approach the Korean market to assure that their culture would be included within the retail stores. Walmart stuck with their American way of marketing their products to the Korean consumers (Berfield, 2013). The retailer only concentrated on electronics and clothing, not considering what products the Korean market preferred. Because of the culture of the county, Koreans prefer to shop for quality food and beverages. (Berfield, 2013) For a largeRead More Todays Consumer Culture: Bought Self-worth and Artificial Happiness1137 Words   |  5 PagesZeppelin Shopping malls didnt just happen. They are not the result of wise planners deciding that suburban people, having no social life and stimulation, needed a place to go (Bombeck, 1985). The mall was originally conceived of as a community center where people would converge for shopping, cultural activity, and social interaction (Gruen Smith, 2005). It is safe to say that the mall has achieved and surpassed those early expectations. Unfortunately, in todays consumer culture, the mall isRead MoreMovie Review : Pretty Woman Directed By Garry Marshall1451 Words   |  6 PagesRoberts) meets an out of town millionaire Edward Lewis (Richard Gere), and they find true love despite their differences in true fantasy fairy tale fashion and live happily ever after. This film is particularly relevant to many aspects of our American Popular Culture class because it addresses the differences in class system, morality, materialism, and even gender and feminism roles. Pretty Woman began with a man yelling out from the street â€Å"Welcome to Hollywood, What’s your dream?† (Marshall, 1990)Read MoreSpending Habits940 Words   |  4 PagesGood or Bad Thing Bibek Multani Kaplan University Demographics Based on the demographics of people, African Americans usually have 2 shopping carts with canned goods, readymade dinner meals (microwavable), ice cream, frozen pizza, etc. I think the reason for this is because African Americans may not be living the American lifestyle. Every time I go to Wal-Mart I see African Americans like how I described above. For the Latino, families there are a lot of corn chips with salsa, and beans, tacosRead More The Impact of Department Stores Essay1327 Words   |  6 PagesDepartments stores introduced the customs of shopping as we know them today. Before the advent of giant emporiums like Macys and Saks, people made their purchases in specialty and dry goods houses, usually located in a nearby part of town. Store owners in small or rural areas, expecting a slow turnover of merchandise, sold their goods at a high mark-up, but allowed thrifty customers to bargain for lower prices or barter with cash crops. Window-shopping had yet to be born; those who entered the storeRead MoreWauwatosa Wisconsin Is A Suburb Located Immediately West972 Words   |  4 Pagesfemale 52.5%, (City Data) 24,725 people (City Data) and the remaining population being male that’s 47.5%, 47.5%. (City Data) The population can be further broken down based on race with 85.9%(City Data) being white, 4.4% (Data City) being African American, 3.5% (Data City) being Asian and the last 6.2% falling in the other category(Data City). A large majority of the population is considered upper middle class, and attends public schooling. The Wauwatosa School District is home to 15 public schools

Visual Rhetorical Analysis Essay - 1009 Words

This photograph, taken in 1967 in the heart of the Vietnam War Protests, depicts different ideologies about how problems can be solved. In the picture, which narrowly missed winning the Pulitzer Prize, a teen is seen poking carnations into the barrels of guns held by members of the US National Guard. This moment, captured by photographer Bernie Boston symbolizes the flower power movement. Flower power is a phrase that referred to the hippie notion of â€Å"make love not war†, and the idea that love and nonviolence, such as the growing of flowers, was a better way to heal the world than continued focus on capitalism and wars. The photograph can be analyzed through the elements of image as defined by ‘The Little Brown Handbook’ on page 86. There†¦show more content†¦The title, which could act as a form of narration, references the immense power held by this movement. This movement caught media attention and was a monumental part of the counter-culture move ment in America. The power of the so called ‘flower children’ during this time was influential in the advancement of the civil rights movement. This title gives more power to the image and gives it more weight as an iconic image by shedding a positive light on the movement. The arrangement of this photograph is not manipulated which makes its message stronger. Instead, the photograph was captured as the event was happening. This draws attention to the gravity of the impact of these protests. In the article, Preforming Civic Identity: The Iconic Photograph of the Flag Raising on Iwo Jima, there is an emphasis on the importance of this type of arrangement; the description the arrangement of the iconic Iwo Jima photograph is â€Å"there is no hint that anyone is preforming for the camera†. The authors go on the explain that the lack of acting in the photograph â€Å"the image can become a performance of war as a national event. By fusing a moment of military action with a sense of visual transparency, the photograph creates a truth effect; this is the image through which the meaning of war can be seen† (Robert Hariman, John Louis Lucaites 372). This concept can also explain the power of the ‘Flower Power’ image, and the messageSh ow MoreRelatedVisual Rhetorical Analysis: Into the Wild Essay1043 Words   |  5 PagesName: Lu Seng Chuin ENGL250 FD Visual Rhetorical Analysis: Into The Wild (Rough Draft) The movie â€Å"Into The Wild† is a true story depicts the desperation of a young Emory graduate, Christopher Johnson McCandless, to flee from the invisible binding of societal pressure and family problems; and worked his way through the unusual journey to Alaskan. The story began with his college graduation and inner frustration to his broken family, then proceeds through a series of events full withRead MoreRhetorical Visual Analysis of Chanel Advertisement Essay1128 Words   |  5 PagesAbby Mitchell Ms. Blommer English 1010 October 1, 2012 Rhetorical Visual Analysis of Chanel Advertisement Few people realize the true impact of product advertising, but the truth is that the modern consumer is severely affected and often subconsciously influenced by advertisements, especially if it is a quality and persuasive advertisement. But how does one create an effective ad? That is literally the million-dollar question that keeps the advertising industry so competitive and prosperousRead MoreAssignment Questions On Using A Word Processing Program906 Words   |  4 PagesCom 101: Analysis of Student Paper Name: Liliana Matancillas Value: /20 points Assignment: Submit this assignment as an attachment. Download the attachment and type your answers directly below each question using a word processing program such as Word or WordPerfect and save it as a .doc, .docx, or .pdf file. Then upload and submit your answers as an attachment. Include your first initial and your last name as part of the file name. Read the attached student paper (note thatRead MorePersonal Englishment Assignment898 Words   |  4 Pages First, my Rhetorical Knowledge was tested I have never written a rhetorical analysis before and I wasn’t quite sure if I really created a persuasive advertisement before either. I had a lot of questions as to what type of information was needed to all my readers to â€Å"see† my advertisement, what type of information I should read to gain a better understanding of what a rhetorical analysis should look like, what type of advertising I wanted to analyze. I feel that writing an analysis then creatingRead MoreAnalysis of Three Videos on Outsourcing967 Words   |  4 Pages2007). Analysis of Three Videos on Outsourcing In the video Nike sweatshops - Try Not To Cry the filmmaker has successfully used a series of rhetorical devices, both visually and through auditory means, to make their point of how unethical Nike is for outsourcing their production to 3rd world nations. The intensive use visual rhetoric include crying babies, sweatshop conditions and a sad soundtrack all are designed to support this anti-outsourcing message against Nike. The visual rhetoric extendsRead MoreMistrys First Person Narrative: Indian Nationalism Disguised as Wistful Recollection.794 Words   |  3 PagesRohinton Mistry’s (38) first person autobiographical narrative of his trip to the Himalayan city of Dharmsala is on the surface a quaint, visual, biographical account of a journey to an Indian town that helps the author come full circle: His childhood visions of the city he dreamt of visiting and its reality as he sees it in adulthood are different in many ways, yet his childhood and adulthood converged in serene moment that epitomizes Mistry’s glorification of his native India: â€Å"To have made thisRead MoreRhetorical Analysis : The 2015 York Riots Time Magazine Cover999 Words   |  4 Pages In this sense a person can identify why the picture is appealing to the audience and who the audience is. According to Owl Purdue.com,†A visual document communicates primarily through images or the interaction of image and text. Just as writers choose their words of such visual documents think no differently,† (Page 1). An example of these rhetorical analysis photos is the 2015 Baltimore Riots Time magazine cover. This photo was taken by a 26 year old photographer named Devin Allen from west BaltimoreRead MoreReflection On Writing1013 Words   |  5 PagesValentine, am a college sophomore, and I consider myself to be an exceptional writer; however, during the course of my writing 120 class I faced a myriad of difficulties in efforts to complete my writing assignments. Assignments such as: a memoir, rhetorical analysis, and blog were relatively new writing concepts I have not yet explored, and with the completion of each, I must say I have grown as a writer. College courses such as writing 120 are futile to the success of students who wish to grow professionallyRead MoreRhetorical Analysis : The Classroom879 Words   |  4 PagesI did not have to make perfect arguments or make perfect analyses, but I was given the chance to try in my own way although we were guided as a class. Overall, I believe that I acquired a conceptual and practical knowledge of argumentation. The rhetorical situation worksheets that we were given in the beginning of the semester was a great refresher on all that I was taught on argumentation. It also helped me to understand the format that the professor would like us to introduce the articles and it’sRead MoreRhetorical Analysis : Analysis Of Ekburg.ru s Advertisement Essay1321 Words   |  6 Pagesimportant to grab the attention of the audience. This semester I learned that audiences determine lots of parts an essay has. Mainly, rhetorical strategies are the easiest ways to grab the attention of audiences. Pathos, ethos, and logos are all strategies that appeal to different groups of people and different kinds of subjects. For example, in my essay Image Analysis of EKBURG.RU’s Advertisement â€Å"Think of Both Sides† I target my audience with appeals. Pathos is my main appeal. I hope to analyze the

Cybersecurity - Compliance and Business Continuity-myassignmenthelp

Question: Discuss about theCybersecurity, Compliance and Business Continuity. Answer: Introduction If the business is an extremely regulated sector like the legal professions or economic sector, it may present some exceptional challenges in your IT requirement. In any organization data and cyber-security agreement are a priority, but it gets more commanding when your commercial activities are centered on personal and sensitive information. Failure to comply or data openings will attract big fines being handed out by the controllers and a bad name on your organizations (Furfaro et al., 2016). Cyber-attacks affect your ability to do business and also compromise your client's records. While dealing with cyber-attack effect, it may be necessary to remove access to IT system, this will obviously affect your clients and staff members. This paper will explore the issue of Cyber Security, Compliance, and Business Continuity. Cyber Security, Compliance, and Business Continuity Working with clients who have experienced multiple threats globally, many of their cases involve multiple threats at once.for example, during super storm sandy, many businesses had to cope through a natural disaster that resulted in massive IT outages and displaced staffs. Rebooting the network and assisting staffs to get back to work involved many departments-IT, operations, customer relations, HR, and facilities to all work off the same organized playbook (Tisdale, 2015). When working with controlled businesses clients are encouraged to take the following five steps to safeguard their information is safe and IT systems are working: Policies of Cyber security: cyber security policies that are severe will aid in isolating those sections that might be at risk and put anticipatory processes in place. Clients and employees should be controlled on how they use the system and networks. An example, one might have staff remotely logging in from different gadgets, or utilizing the Internet for both recreation and business (Chinn et al., 2014). Training, Communication, and Awareness: Human error, malicious attack or system glitch may cause data breaks, this can be prohibited by creating awareness of cybersecurity consciousness problems and putting appropriate training in place for all staff member (Chinn et al., 2014). Monitoring and Web Filtering: Protective measures like web filtering can prevent malware before it has even moved in the system, also detecting machines infested with malicious spyware, phishing attacks or nuisance adware, and observing how staff are utilizing the network (Chinn et al., 2014). It can also assist in reinforcing IT procedure guidelines. Subcontracting: A key encounter that most organization confronts is that of a pre-emptive approach to upholding and observing their IT network to confirm efficiency, takes the information technology team away from driving organization development and growth in other regions. Recruitment can also be a challenge for some organizations that do not have adequate experienced IT managers or experts to keep these organization critical networks up (Chinn et al., 2014). Therefore, can be expedient to outsource this sector of a business IT to a service provider with regulatory familiarity in your field of business. Business Continuity Plan: Deterrence is deliberated to be better than cure, in case an individual suffers a cyber-security or IT outage, therefore a business continuity strategy is fundamental for putting failovers services into action getting the system running as fast as possible and reducing the downtime (Jrvelinen, 2012). In the case of attack occurrence, at this point, all sections must work together flawlessly. The IT department emphasizes triaging of the issue, the rest of the department should focus on corresponding with employees, building trust with customers, ensuring operational uptime, working with the authorities, and providing customer service (McDonald, 2008). If your cyber security plan solely focuses on IT, the implications will be severe. It is advisable to include a cyber-security approach to the business continuity program. Many of the same components are shared with success: pinpoint responsibilities and roles, response protocols and threat assessment, for instance, incorporate cyber-security in the overall instance administration management, crisis team training, emergency notification, business continuity plan and other aspects of the program. Also, conducting the tabletop exercises that always incorporate information security element so that a department-wide collaboration exercise (Choo, 2010). One team, one dream strategy to cyber-security and business continuity About ninety-three percent of the organization that incurs a significant data loss frequently go down in period five years. Without warning, disasters may occur so the best precaution is to be ready. A disaster recovery plan is also alluded, as a vital component in any security system is the business continuity plan (Snedaker, 2013). Such a strategy outlines the procedure by which businesses should recover from a major breakdown. Most destruction of all the computing facilities can lead to a significant harm. Many organizations find it challenging to obtain cover for their information systems and computers without exhibiting a suitable recovery plan and disaster prevention. IT managers requisite to approximate the expenses that are appropriate for the level of threat an organization is willing to incur. Conclusion Executing security plans raises many moral issues. To start with, some individuals oppose any observing of individual activities. To impose certain regulations is seen by some as a desecration of freedom of speech or other civil rights. To handle the secrecy versus security dilemma is tough. In some instances, there are legal and ethical obligation that may force organizations to interfere with their staff privacy and monitor their activities.IT security measures are required to hinder liability, loss, and litigation. Financial losses are not the only, but also incorporate the loss of information, trading partners, brand image, customers, and capability to conduct business, due to the activities of attackers, employees or malware. In the principle of duty of care, directors and senior managers have a fiduciary duty to use logical care to safeguard the organizations business processes. Lawsuits, or Litigation, stem from the failure to meet the organizations regulatory and legal duties . References Snedaker, S. (2013).Business continuity and disaster recovery planning for IT professionals. Newnes. Choo, K. K. R. (2010). Cloud computing: challenges and future directions. McDonald, R. (2008, April). New considerations for security compliance, reliability and business continuity. InRural Electric Power Conference, 2008 IEEE(pp. B1-B1). IEEE. Jrvelinen, J. (2012). Information security and business continuity management in interorganizational IT relationships.Information Management Computer Security,20(5), 332-349. Chinn, D., Kaplan, J., Weinberg, A. (2014). Risk and responsibility in a hyperconnected world: Implications for enterprises.A report from McKinsey Company. Tisdale, S. M. (2015). Cybersecurity: Challenges from a Systems, Complexity, Knowledge Management and Business Intelligence Perspective.Issues in Information Systems,16(3). Furfaro, A., Gallo, T., Sacc, D. (2016, August). Modeling cyber systemic risk for the business continuity plan of a bank. InInternational Conference on Availability, Reliability, and Security(pp. 158-174). Springer, Cham. Rittinghouse, J., Ransome, J. F., CISM, C. (2011).Business continuity and disaster recovery for infosec managers. Elsevier.

The Evolution of Kpop Essay Example For Students

The Evolution of Kpop Essay The world of pop music which was once dominated only by the Western pop bands and singers is now getting heavily influenced by the Asian music market, especially Korean pop music. The kpop it something new for America, but is something that is growing up since 90. Korean pop, or kpop is more popularly known as, is a huge hit among Korean and international students. With Korean music getting recognized on the Asian market, as well as at a worldwide level, Kpop is becoming extremely popular among both Korean speaking people and non Koreans. The history of Korean pop music is not very old. We will write a custom essay on The Evolution of Kpop specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Pop music has become quite popular in Korea due to the Western influence of pop music. This doesnt mean that Western culture is overtaking the Korean culture, but more that it was the start of various popular music channels like MTV and internet sources, that have spread pop music and had a great influence upon the inspiration of Korean musicians, as well as general music lovers. In 1992, modern K-pop was ushered in with the formation of Seo Taiji Boys, whose successful experimentation with different music styles had sparked a paradigm shift in the music industry of South Korea. As a result, the integration of foreign musical elements has now become a common practice in the K-pop industry. First gaining popularity in East Asia in the late 1990s, K-pop entered the Japanese music market towards the turn of the 21st century. In the late 2000s, it grew from a musical genre into a subculture among teenagers and young adults of East and Southeast Asia. Currently, the spread of K-pop to other regions of the world, via the Korean Wave, is seen in parts of Latin America, Northeast India, North Africa, the Middle East, Eastern Europe and immigrant enclaves of the Western world. Korean Pop Music, or K-pop as it is commonly known, is currently Asias hottest music industry. Fans all over the world have been captivated by K-pop stars good looks, amazing dance moves, and catchy tunes. Current K-pop sensations include, Rain, TVXQ, Big Bang, Super Junior, and the Wonder Girls. VisitKorea has prepared a guide to some of these music superstars. You can read about their road to success, find out. Different websites have got many Korean pop songs which you can download and listen to. YouTube music Korean channel is indeed the best website to listen and see the latest Korean pop music hit songs. Bands like Wonder Girls have made a great impact on the Korean as well as international music market and you can even download free Korean music videos from the internet. The amazing thing about the current Korean pop music trend is that it is making a huge impact on the United States music market, a hard market to crack! Now many people actually love this new side of pop music. A good, but different, aspect of music these days is that it has got no language barriers like the past. Not all the Korean bands sing their songs in English, yet many Western young people still love their songs and dance to their tones. The common saying that music has no barriers indeed looks true in this regard, especially when you see that how popular the YouTube music Korean channels are internationally. There are some awesome Korean pop music hit bands and singers which have created an international recognition for themselves. One such name is of Lee Hyori, a former band member of an all girl band called FINKL. Lee is one of the most popular singers of Korea and has sung many amazing songs whose free Korean music videos you can easily download from the internet. Lee Hyori is also extremely popular among various Korean companies who take her as the perfect model for advertising their different products. Another icon in the Korean music scene and definitely termed as the largest boy band in the world, Super Junior is indeed making its mark not only on the Asian music scene but the Western music scene as well. group which comprises of 13 members, it has got some hits and is on many free Korean music videos available on their own channel of YouTube music Korean. .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d , .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d .postImageUrl , .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d , .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d:hover , .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d:visited , .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d:active { border:0!important; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d:active , .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u30e982130f1bbaa4e94cee3659d69f7d:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: History of musical theatre EssayTo listen to the latest Korean pop music hit songs, you really dont have to know any of the Korean language, as its music has very catchy tunes, tempting everyone to sing along regardless. If you would like to join us on Hubpages, learn lots of new things, and also make some money whilst writing about what you like, click here to sign up today  ¦ who knows, it may turn into your main income and passion! The history of Kpop music is quite exciting, although quite short, with the rapid spread of Kpop music radio shaping it. In fact, over a period of only 20 odd years, South Korea itself has evolved from being a poor country, to being a major international player with incredible commodities and technology. With the coming of many great bands like FINKL and Super Junior, many music lovers which are not familiar with the Korean language are also loving the Korean music a lot. Meaning that in a very short period of time, Kpop has in fact become a major export for the country. However, Korean TV shows have spread the scene further, with many soaps being a huge hit across Asia and some finding niches in the west. Although many people say that bands like Wonder Girls are actually inspired by the Western girl bands from their make up, to the music that they make, it is in fact that most modern dance music actually has a universal language and style it is not set in a specific place, or from a particular descent, although I guess it must have started somewhere first, way back in history.

Enola Gay Display at the Smithsonian essays

Enola Gay Display at the Smithsonian essays America is in the midst of a culture war, and one of the latest skirmishes occurred between the houses and hedgerows surrounding the Smithsonian Museum. On one side were the members of a growing numbers of acedemians and cultural theorists who believe that American should not be honored as a country which has been a continued source of peace, and leadership in the world. History should be taught in a context, and that context needs to challenge individuals to think on a larger social scale of how our actions may adversely affect others. The opposing forces are those who have fought, and sometimes given the ultimate sacrifice to earn the countries place of responsibility as the leader of the free world, and only remaining superpower. These men and women look back at America's actions and remember the issues and limitations of the day. This group has a living memory of historical events, and is opposed to reinterpreting them in light of 21st century political cynicism, or academic enlighten. One group believes that if the military forces were downsized, and moneys spent on nation building and international charity projects, that the world would become a safer, more peaceful place. The other legion understands that some men and organizations in the world have set their desires on dominating others and loose no sleep at night over trampling civil and human rights in order to gain their objectives. This group understands that a strong military, as well as a will to use it, is an important building block which has created the peace and prosperity which America and the entire world now enjoy. This cultural war cannot always be identified in terms of liberal or conservative, because individuals from either group may launch salvos from either front. The war cannot be called one of educated vs. uneducated or public sector politicians vs. private sector business interests. ...

Early Explorers of Africa

Early Explorers of Africa Even in the 18th century, much of the interior of Africa was unfamiliar to Europeans. Most of their time in Africa was limited to trade along the coast, first in gold, ivory, spices, and later slaves. In 1788 Joseph Banks, the botanist whod sailed across the Pacific Ocean with Cook, went as far as to found the African Association to promote the exploration of the interior of the continent. Ibn Battuta Ibn Battuta (1304-1377) traveled over 100,000 kilometers from his home in Morocco. According to the book he dictated, he traveled as far as Beijing and the Volga River; scholars say its unlikely he traveled everywhere he claims to have. James Bruce James Bruce (1730-94) was a Scottish explorer who set off from Cairo in 1768 to find the source of the River Nile. He arrived at Lake Tana in 1770, confirming that this lake was the origin of the Blue Nile, one of the tributaries of the Nile. Mungo Park Mungo Park (1771-1806) was hired by the African Association in 1795 to explore the River Niger. When the Scotsman returned to Britain having reached the Niger, he was disappointed by the lack of public recognition of his achievement and that he was not acknowledged as a great explorer. In 1805 he set out to follow the Niger to its source. His canoe was ambushed by tribesmen at the Bussa Falls and he drowned. Renà ©-Auguste Caillià © Renà ©-Auguste Caillià © (1799-1838), a Frenchman, was the first European to visit Timbuktu and survive to tell the tale. Hed disguised himself as an Arab to make the trip. Imagine his disappointment when he discovered that the city wasnt made of gold, as legend said, but of mud. His journey started in West Africa in March 1827, headed towards Timbuktu where he stayed for two weeks. He then crossed the Sahara (the first European to do so) in a caravan of 1,200 animals, then the Atlas Mountains to reach Tangier in 1828, from where he sailed home to France. Heinrich Barth Heinrich Barth (1821-1865) was a German working for the British government. His first expedition (1844-1845)was from Rabat (Morocco) across the coast of North Africa to Alexandria (Egypt). His second expedition (1850-1855) took him from Tripoli (Tunisia) across the Sahara to Lake Chad, the River Benue, and Timbuktu, and back across the Sahara again. Samuel Baker Samuel Baker (1821-1893) was the first European to see the Murchison Falls and Lake Albert, in 1864. He was actually hunting for the source of the Nile. Richard Burton Richard Burton (1821-1890) was not only a great explorer but also a great scholar (he produced the first unabridged translation of The Thousand Nights and a Night). His most famous exploit is probably his dressing as an Arab and visiting the holy city of Mecca (in 1853) which non-Muslims are forbidden to enter. In 1857 he and Speke set off from the east coast of Africa (Tanzania) to find the source of the Nile. At Lake Tanganyika Burton fell seriously ill, leaving Speke to travel on alone. John Hanning Speke John Hanning Speke (1827-1864) spent 10 years with the Indian Army before starting his travels with Burton in Africa. Speke discovered Lake Victoria in August 1858 which he initially believed to be the source of the Nile. Burton didnt believe him and in 1860 Speke set out again, this time with James Grant. In July 1862 he found the source of the Nile, the Ripon Falls north of Lake Victoria. David Livingstone David Livingstone (1813-1873) arrived in Southern Africa as a missionary with the aim of improving the life of Africans through European knowledge and trade. A qualified doctor and minister, he had worked in a cotton mill near Glasgow, Scotland, as a boy. Between 1853 and 1856 he crossed Africa from west to east, from Luanda (in Angola) to Quelimane (in Mozambique), following the Zambezi River to the sea. Between 1858 and 1864 he explored the Shire and Ruvuma river valleys and Lake Nyasa (Lake Malawi). In 1865 he set off to find the source of the River Nile. Henry Morton Stanley Henry Morton Stanley (1841-1904) was a journalist sent by the New York Herald to find Livingstone who had been presumed dead for four years as no-one in Europe had heard from him. Stanley found him at Uiji on the edge of Lake Tanganyika in Central Africa on 13 November 1871. Stanleys words Dr. Livingstone, I presume? have gone down in the history as one of the greatest understatements ever. Dr. Livingstone is said to have replied, You have brought me new life. Livingstone had missed the Franco-Prussian War, the opening of the Suez Canal, and the inauguration of the transatlantic telegraph. Livingstone refused to return to Europe with Stanley and continued on his journey to find the source of the Nile. He died in May 1873 in the swamps around Lake Bangweulu. His heart and viscera were buried, then his body was carried to Zanzibar, from where it was shipped to Britain. He was buried at Westminster Abbey in London. Unlike Livingstone, Stanley was motivated by fame and fortune. He traveled in large, well-armed expeditions he had 200 porters on his expedition to find Livingstone, who often traveled with only a few bearers. Stanleys second expedition set off from Zanzibar towards Lake Victoria (which he sailed around in his boat, the Lady Alice), then headed into Central Africa towards Nyangwe and the Congo (Zaire) River, which he followed for some 3,220 kilometers from its tributaries to the sea, reaching Boma in August 1877. He then set off back into Central Africa to find Emin Pasha, a German explorer believed to be in danger from warring cannibals. The German explorer, philosopher, and journalist Carl Peters (1856-1918) played a significant role in the creation of Deutsch-Ostafrika (German East Africa) A leading figure in the Scramble for Africa Peters was ultimately vilified for his cruelty to Africans and removed from office. He was, however, considered a hero by the German emperor Wilhelm II and Adolf Hitler. Mary Kingsley's Mary Kingsleys (1862-1900) father spent most of his life accompanying noblemen around the world, keeping diaries and notes which he hoped to publish. Educated at home, she learned the rudiments of natural history from him and his library. He employed a tutor to teach his daughter German so she could help him translate scientific papers. His comparative study of sacrificial rites around the world was his major passion and it was Marys desire to complete this which took her to West Africa after her parents deaths in 1892 (within six weeks of each other). Her two journeys werent remarkable for their geological exploration, but were remarkable for being undertaken, alone, by a sheltered, middle-class, Victorian spinster in her thirties without any knowledge of African languages or French, or much money (she arrived in West Africa with only  £300). Kingsley did collect specimens for science, including a new fish which was named after her. She died nursing prisoners of war in Simons Town (Cape Town) during the Anglo-Boer War. The article is a revised and expanded version of that first published on 25 June 2001.

Psychoanalysis of Roald Dahl's Matilda Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Psychoanalysis of Roald Dahl's Matilda - Essay Example The superego is the opposite extreme of the id and is the force used by the father and the social and cultural institutions he represents to check and drive the person's desires into the id. The superego includes tradition, inherited values, religion and its institutions, education and its peripheries and all forms of authority. The ego is the self that emerges after an on going and continual negotiation between the id and the superego. If the person's superego is weaker than his/her id the result will be a loose, permissive, carefree, easy going or even a mad person. If the person's superego is stronger than his/her id, then that person will become a conformist to the moral and social values of the person's medium. (Douglas, 2007) The process of pyschoanalyzing a text has several approaches. One can read a text and isolate the elements in the text that reveal the inner conflicts, desires and suppressions in the person of the artist. Another way is examining elements that define the psychology of the characters in the narrative. A third way is seeing if the text reveals the collective psychology of the people and the culture that produces the work of art. In any case, the analysis should consider one or both of the two basic assumptions of the theory. The first assumption is the tripartite nature of the manifest self, whether it is the self of the author, the fictitious character, or the collective consciousness behind the work while the second one is the work of art as a dream work that reflects the suppressed content of the id of either the author or his/her characters. (Pope, 2002) In this essay, I shall be concerned in the first assumption which is determining the tripartite nature that is present in the character of Matilda. I will be trying to learn the psyche of Matilda. I would begin by providing a summary of the story Matilda written by Roald Dahl in 1988. When conducting the research, I came to realize that there are elements of the story derived directly from the experiences of the author. While this may be a good topic for psychoanalysis, our focus would be on Matilda and her psyche. Plot Summary Matilda Wormwood has the potential to be a genius but her parents do not care about her as shown by the fact that she is discouraged from reading books and encouraged in watching TV. In spite of this, Matilda perseveres and became intellectually superior in her class. TO combat her parent's being so uncaring, she devises clever pranks such as "the hat and the super glue," "the parrot-in-the-chimney-affair," and "the great hair oil switch." Her great intellect catches her teacher's, Jennifer Honey's, attention and appeal for her to be accelerated. Agatha Trunchbull, the evil headmistress, refuses. Miss Honey learned of how Matilda's parents treat her when she consults them for Matilda being sent to the university. Throughout the story, Miss Trunchbull treats her students in abusive manners such as ploughing straight through children so that they "bounce off her feet like footballs", makes regular visits to classes to "show" the teachers a few tips on discipline, throws students out of windows and even locks them in a contraption known only as "the Chokey." Matilda becomes her primary target when she learned that it was her father that sold her a second car that barely

Individual Assignment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Individual Assignment - Essay Example Innovation management is now an inherent aspect of organisations around the world. Businesses seek to find ways of improving their system of creating innovations and commercialising their innovations to attain the best results and the highest returns possible. Innovation is defined â€Å"something new which did not exist in this form up till now† (Sattler, 2011: p9). In other words, innovation is about providing new solutions that did not exist in the past to resolve problems and issues in the society. Schumpeter stated that innovation is â€Å"a new combination of production factors† (Sattler, 2011, p10). This position views innovation as an adjustment or changes in the internal structures and systems of an organisation in order to provide something different and unique to consumers in the society. Innovation is seen as a structured and disciplined approach to dealing with new productions and adjusting the system to accommodate new ideas and systems. Narayanan and OConnor (2010) identify three main stages of innovation: Innovation begins by the discovery of a new way or a new approach in doing things. This involves the invention of a better way and a better approach of resolving an issue in the society. When this is done, the organisation will have to find a way of getting the relevant intellectual property or brand identity registered for recognition. Once the invention is seen to be one that can be replicated, the organisation will have to take reasonable steps to develop it. Development is done by the commercialisation of a given idea or phenomenon. This will help the organisation to attain its results and targets and maximise its benefits form the given invention. Market penetration depends on the creation of a market for the new invention and the growth and development of the market. This aims at getting the best and the highest

THe Role of Women in the World Essay Example for Free

THe Role of Women in the World Essay The development of a country is very dependent on the roles and freedom that women receive. The gender role do vary geographically between More Developed countries (MDCs) and less developed countries(LDC’s). In less developed countries women take on lower roles, and lower stand in the social class. But geographically, in MDCs women have power and can have higher jobs. This gap is the piece that need to be studied to fully comprehend the changing of the role between the men and the women. One way the role of women is changing through the world is the women are gaining empowerment. Because of this, they are starting to hold high respectable jobs. This empowerment is a huge change because instead of women doing minuscule jobs as done before, the women are in office and leading countries. This is change because originally the men held these jobs. Because countries are developing and as countries developed thee status of women increases, the change can over all be described as countries becoming more developed. Over all in the world, the trend is found when countries allow the women rights, there country develops. Another way how the role of women is changing is women are now starting to become more educated. Read more:Â  Women Role in Modern Society This is a big role change because women have always had very few people of their gender in school. This is primarily because of their role has been to work at home and take care of all the minuscule jobs around the house. As their country develops, the role has changed and now they can obtain an education and have more freedom. One example of a less developed countries stats of men to women in school is In Arab states, they have 73 males but only 51 females. This shows that as countries develop they will have more equality between men and women in schools. There role of women has changed dramatically. The world trend for the development of a country is characterized by how women are treated and their roles in society. Gender related Development index is another tool used to explain that the roles are changing. This index compiles of economic indications of gender differences, social indications of gender difference, and demography indication of genetic differences, This index shows how the role has changed because this directly corresponds to woman empowerment. This empowerment allows women to get educated rather than do mine minuscular jobs, and to take office or to undertake the jobs that men once only had.

Black Mustard (Brassica nigra) :: Botany

Black Mustard (Brassica nigra) The mustard plant has often been mentioned in the Bible, and most of us are familiar with Jesus' parable of the mustard seed. However, there is great debate as to what the "mustard" plant of Jesus' parable really was. Most modern commentators agree that it was the ordinary black mustard, Brassica nigra, but there are still a few who disagree. These others suggested that the mustard in the Bible could have been Salvadora persica, a shrub found in thickets around the Dead Sea, but authorities say that this plant did not grow where Jesus spoke his parables. Also Phytolacca decandra, the pokeberry, was theorized to be the "mustard tree". That too was discounted because it is now regarded as an American plant. One major argument against Brassica for the "mustard" of the Bible is based on the Biblical statements concerning its becoming a "tree", and "the fowls of the air lodged in the branches of it". Supporters of this argument claim that the mustard plant never becomes a great tree, and it would not be sturdy enough for birds to nest. In rebuttal, it has been pointed out that we must realize that much of the language in the Bible is figurative, and that indeed small sparrow-like birds perched temporarily on the branches of the mature mustard plant to feed on its seeds. Even today birds are very fond of mustard seed. Guatama Buddha also told a parable about the mustard seed, and in India, mustard is the symbol of reproductive generation. Mustard is a very interesting plant with a lot of history and many uses. It has both medicinal and culinary value useful to man in the past and present. Its many relatives are ever present in our daily lives as well. Black mustard is scientifically known as Brassica nigra. It is of the family Cruciferae. The plant is native of Europe and Asia; it has become naturalized in this country and has escaped from cultivation, so that it is often a troublesome weed. Therefore, it is often found on the roadside, in vacant lots, and especially in grain fields. There has been some success in the use of chemical herbicides in ridding grain fields of mustard. These include iron sulfate and sulfuric acid in the form of a spray. All grasses are resistant to this spray, but the young mustards are killed by it.

Bite Me: A Love Story Chapter 5

5. The Further Chronicles of Abby Normal, Miserable, Broken-hearted Emo-ho of the Night ‘Kayso, who is outside my door but Baroness Buzzkill herself, the Motherbot, accompanied by those most crapacious homicide cops, Rivera and Cavuto. So I'm all, â€Å"Oh joy, does this caffeine fresh clusterfuck come with donuts?† Which it turned out, it didn't, so really, WTF is the point of bringing cops? And the Mombot is all, â€Å"You can't do this, and who is this boy, and where have you been, and you have no right, and blah, blah, blah, responsibility, worried sick, you're a horrible, horrible person and you ruined my life with your platform boots and your piercings.† Okay, those weren't her exact words, but the subtext was there. And in retrospect, I may have erred in using the â€Å"I'm sleeping over at Lily's house† gambit for two months running, when I was, in fact, living in my own trs cool love lair with a mysterious love ninja. So I decided to turn the tables on her by asking questions, before she got in the rhythm of grilling me and heaping me with mom guilt. So I'm all, â€Å"How did you find me?† And the dark, Hispano cop steps up, and he's all, â€Å"I called her.† So I rolled up in his grill. Well, up in the knot of his tie, because he's taller than me. And I'm all, â€Å"I can't believe you ratted me out. You traitorous fuck!† And the cop gets all chilly and he's all, â€Å"I'm not a traitor because I'm not on your side, Allison.† Using my day-slave name, just to fuck with me. So I'm all thinking, Okay, cop, I can see that you believe that your shit cannot be shaken, and you are totally trying to come off all sly and badass in front of the Mombot so she might do you a good long time? I know-mating rituals of the ancient and crusty-makes you barf in your mouth a little, huh? So I go over to the big gay cop, and I'm all soft-spoken little-girl voice, â€Å"I thought we were on the same side because-well-because we know about the nosferatu, and all that money you got from his art collection. We're not? I'm crushed.† Totally hand to forehead, fake-heartbreak fainting. I was going to cry a little, but my mascara was lined up like the spikes on the gates of hell, and I didn't want it to go raccoon on me so early in the day, so only a sniffle. I wiped my nose on the big gay cop's sleeve. And the Momster is all, â€Å"What? What? Nosferatu? What? Money? What?† And Rivera is all, â€Å"Excuse us a moment, Mrs. Green, we need to have a word with Allison.† So the Mombot starts to go into the bedroom and I'm all, â€Å"Oh I don't think so. You can wait outside,† or something like that, because it turns out I didn't want her to see the inner sanctum of our love nest, because she's a nurse and seeing the dog collars, test tubes, centrifuge, and whatnot might give her the wrong idea. (Foo and I like to get our mad scientist freak on in the privacy of the boudoir.) So Mom steps outside. And Foo is all, â€Å"Owned, bitches!† And he did a pathetic imitation of my own superb booty dance of ownage, and I was, at once, touched by his support, yet embarrassed by his tragic lack of rhythm and booticuity. And Rivera is all, â€Å"Allison, how did you know about the money and the old vampyre and the yacht and you have no proof and blah, blah, I so can't decide whether I'm the good cop or the bad cop, or if I'm going to still pretend to be badass or totally crap my pants from the verbal death grip you just put on my man sac, blah, blah.† And I'm all, â€Å"I know it all, cop,† popping the p in cop because it makes both of them flinch a little. â€Å"You need to exit and take the Mombot home or I will be forced to expose your evil shit to your masters, and not in the fun way.† And the Hispano cop was all chill, nodding and smiling, which harshed my confidence somewhat. And he's all, â€Å"That so, Allison? Well, Mr. Wong here is twenty-one, and you are still a minor, so among other things, we can take him in for contributing to the delinquency of a minor, kidnapping, and statutory rape.† And he folds his arms all, â€Å"Take that, bee-atch.† Hip-hop superior. So I'm like, â€Å"You're right, he is totally taking advantage of my innocence. Foo, you ginormous perve!† Then I slapped him, but for the drama, not because he might think I was a slut. â€Å"I should have known when you had me shave my va-jay-jay into the shape of a beaver!† And Foo's all, â€Å"I did not!† â€Å"Pervy and redundant, don't you think?† I asked the big gay cop, who wouldn't know a va-jay-jay if it bounced up to him and sang the â€Å"Star-Spangled Banner.† (You ever notice that hardly anything besides the â€Å"Star-Spangled Banner† is spangled? There's no, like, the Raisin-Spangled Scone, or the Flea-Spangled Beagle. I'm just saying.) So, I, like, start to pull up my skirt to further freak him out, like I'm going to flash the beav, which was a bluff, because I am totally trimmed bat-shape and dyed lavender and I was wearing my hot-pink fishnets, which are full-on tights and put the PG-13 on my no-no place. But instead of hiding his head and screaming like a little bitch, which is what I was going for, the big gay cop is across the room and has Foo in handcuffs in like seconds, cranking them down tight. So Foo is all, â€Å"Ow! Ow! Ow!† And I'm heartsick at his suffering, so I'm like, â€Å"Unhand him, you fascist-ass bear.† And Rivera is all, â€Å"Allison, we need to come to an understanding, or your boyfriend is going to jail, and even if the charges don't stick, he can kiss his master's degree good-bye.† Powned! I was forced to lower my skirt in defeat. Foo's eyes were all anime-huge and started to get tear-spangled, and my noble love ninja looked all pleading to me like, â€Å"Please, do not abandon me, despite my obvious emo tendencies.† So I'm like, â€Å"We'll give you a hundred thousand dollars to leave our love lair like nothing happened.† And Rivera is like, â€Å"We're not interested in your money.† And gay bear cop is like, â€Å"Wait, where did you get that kind of money, anyway?† And Rivera is like, â€Å"Never mind, Nick, it's not about money.† And I'm like, â€Å"OMG Rivera, your bad cop skills suck ass. It's always about the money. Don't you have a TV?† And he's like, â€Å"What happened out there this morning?† And I'm all, â€Å"You know, vampyre kitties, meter maid sucked to dust, samurai in orange socks, Abby's kung-fu of solar ass-kicking.† Then to Foo: â€Å"Foo, the jacket is the sickest shit ever!† â€Å"Which is a good thing,† Foo translated for the cops. And Rivera is all, â€Å"Vampyre cats? That's what the Emperor said.† ‘Kayso, it's clear that the cops have doubts, so I explain the whole battle, and Foo's theory of how Chet is making vampyre kitties, and how we are pretty much fucked nine ways to Kwanzaa because it's the end of the world and whatnot, and there are metric buttloads of kitties in the City, and only two fly, vampyre-frying solar jackets, mine and Foo's, and we are being detained by law enforcement assbags instead of saving humanity. So Rivera's all, â€Å"What about Flood and the redhead? You helped them, right?† Kudos to Inspector Obvious, we're only living in their loft, spending their money, and hanging our damp towels on their bronzed bodies. I was all, â€Å"They left. All the vampyres left. Didn't you talk to the Emperor? He saw them get on a boat at the Marina?† â€Å"The Emperor isn't the most dependable witness,† Rivera says. â€Å"And he didn't say anything about those two, but I find it hard to believe that a cat, even a vampyre cat, even a gang of vampyre house cats took down a full-grown parking enforcement officer.† So I was like, â€Å"Chet is not a normal vampyre kitty. He's huge. More huge than normal. He's getting huger. If you don't let Foo work his mad science skills to cure him, by next week Chet might be dry-humping the Transamerica Pyramid.† Foo was nodding like a manga-haired bobblehead. He was all, â€Å"Truth.† The big gay Cavuto cop is all, â€Å"Can you do that, kid? Can you put this shit storm back in the box?† â€Å"Absolutely,† says Foo, when he totally has no clue how to catch Chet. â€Å"I'll need some time, but leave the handcuffs on, because that's how I work best.† Foo can be most sarcastic when faced with day dwellers less intelligent than himself, which is almost everyone. ‘Kayso, Rivera takes the sleeve of my jacket and starts turning it over, looking at it, all Neanderthal discovers fire face. And he's all, â€Å"Can you make one of these in a leather sport coat? Forty long?† And I'm all, â€Å"Are you coming on to me?† And he gagged a little (which was mean), and he's all, â€Å"No. I am definitely not coming on to you, Allison. Not only are you the most irritating creature on the planet, you are a child.† And I'm all, â€Å"A child?! A child?! Do these belong to a child?† And I pulled up my top and flashed him. And not just a flash, a full, glorious boobosity. And he didn't say anything. So I turned my headlights on Foo and the big gay cop. And they're all, â€Å"Um-uhr-uhr-um-â€Å" I'm like, â€Å"Et tu, Foo?† Which is Shakespearean for, â€Å"You traitor!† And I ran into the bedroom and locked the door. I was kind of wishing I'd taken a hostage, except really the only weapon I had was a jacket with little light warts all over it, so I was limited to being dangerous to vampyres and emos who get their feelings hurt really easily by my snarky wit. ‘Kayso, then I stared into the dark abyss that is the meaninglessness of human existence, because there was nothing on cable. And in searching the depths of my soul, I saw that I must stop using sex as a weapon, and that I must only use my powers of seduction for good, unless Foo wants to do something freaky, in which case, I can have him sign a waiver. Now, I realize that the only way for me to righteously explore my strength as a woman is to become nosferatu. And since the Countess and Lord Flood wouldn't bring me into the fold, I must find my own way to the blood power. ‘Kayso, in a few minutes Rivera's at the door all, â€Å"Allison, I think you'd better come out here.† And I'm all, â€Å"Oh no, Inspector, I can't open the door. I've taken all these pills and everything's all wiggly. You'll have to break the door down.† Then Foo's all, â€Å"Abby, please come out. I need you.† He used his I'm sad, wounded, and locked in the castle tower with all my powers gone voice, which I didn't even know he had, but it was tragic and I had to come out and humble myself before the cops like a little bitch, despite my new resolve to partake of the dark gift. So I'm all, â€Å"What?† And Rivera is all, â€Å"Allison, we have an agreement with Mr. Wong. He will stay here and work on a solution to the cat problem, and in return for our not filing charges, you both will say nothing to anyone about our previous-uh-adventures, with Mr. Flood, Ms. Stroud, and any other persons of the blood-drinking persuasion. Nor will we mention any funds that may have changed hands, and who may be in possession of said funds. Agreed?† I'm all, â€Å"Sweet!† â€Å"And you have to go home and live with your mother and sister,† the evil Hispano cop continued. And I'm all, â€Å"No way!† And all three of them are shaking their heads at me. And Foo, who is out of handcuffs now, is all, â€Å"Abby, you have to go with them. You're still a minor and your mom will chuck a spaz if they don't bring you home.† â€Å"And if that happens, we'll have no choice but to drop a hammer on Mr. Wong,† said Cavuto. And Foo's all, â€Å"And to defend ourselves we'll have to tell everyone about everything. So we'll all be hosed and meanwhile, Chet the huge shaved cat will own the City, plus our relationship and stuff would be strained.† And by â€Å"and stuff,† Foo meant that we would lose the love lair and no one would take care of Tommy and Jody, and Foo would have to become love ninja to some big guy in prison. We were owned. I was all, â€Å"I blame my mother.† I offered my wrists to Rivera for the cuffs. And they were all nodding, and â€Å"Sure,† and â€Å"That works for me.† And â€Å"Yeah, I'm good with that.† But Rivera didn't put the cuffs on me. And I'm all, â€Å"Can we have a minute to say good-bye?† And Rivera nods, so I start to lead Foo into the bedroom. And Rivera is all, â€Å"Out here.† So I unzip Foo's pants. And Cavuto grabs my arm and starts to drag me away, so I was forced to give Foo only a minor good-bye kiss that brushed his lips like a breeze from the tomb and left a little bit of a black lipstick streak on his cheek. And I'm all, â€Å"I will never forget you, Foo. They may tear us asunder, but our love will endure for eternity.† And he's all, â€Å"Call me when you get home.† And I'm all, â€Å"I'll text you on the way.† And he's all, â€Å"Abby Normal, you rock my stripy socks.† Which was totally romantic, because he doesn't wear stripy socks. I cried and my mascara melted in sorrow. Then Cavuto's all, â€Å"Oh for fuck's sake.† And he starts to lead me out the door, but turns to Foo and goes, â€Å"Is that your tricked-out yellow Honda downstairs?† And Foo is all, â€Å"Yeah.† And Cavuto's all, â€Å"You know it's full of rats, right?† And Foo's all, â€Å"Yeah.† And so I am a prisoner of the dreaded Motherbot and Foo faces the menace of Chet alone. Gotta jet, my sister, Ronnie, is asleep and I'm going to Magic Marker a pentagram on her shaved head. L8erz. RIVERA As they were walking away from delivering Abby Normal and her mother to the apartment building in the Fillmore, Cavuto said, â€Å"You know, if I'd had Allison there around when I came out to my dad, I think he would have understood a lot more why I like guys.† â€Å"If the vampire cats' victims turn to dust, most won't even be reported unless someone sees the attack,† Rivera said, hoping Cavuto's train of thought would head on to the next station. â€Å"She's so obnoxious,† said Cavuto. â€Å"Like a whole Saturday night drunk tank full of obnoxious packed into one little body.† â€Å"Maybe if we get a cadaver dog,† said Rivera. â€Å"Okay, but don't bitch about how the car smells later, because I want chili and onions.† â€Å"What the fuck are you talking about?† â€Å"Cadaver dogs. You were saying we should go to the ballpark and get cadaver dogs for lunch.† â€Å"I was saying no such thing. I was saying we should get a dog that's trained to sniff out cadavers to help us find the clothing of the victims.† â€Å"Oh,† said Cavuto, who didn't want to think about vampires. â€Å"Sure, that makes sense. So, Barney's Burgers for lunch then?† â€Å"You buy,† Rivera said, as he popped the locks on the unmarked Ford and climbed in. They drove eight blocks down Fillmore Street toward the Marina, before Cavuto said, â€Å"She's right, you know? I am a bear.† Rivera put on his sunglasses and took a few seconds adjusting them on his face to buy time before he answered with a sigh. â€Å"I'm glad you decided to come clean about that, Nick, because observing your six-foot-three-inch, two-hundred-and-sixty-pound, growling gay personage for the last fourteen years would have never betrayed your true identity, given my dull, homicide detective powers of observation.† â€Å"Your sarcasm is the main reason Alice left you.† â€Å"Really?† Rivera had wondered. Alice had said because he was too much of a cop and not enough of a husband, but he had suspicions about her testimony. â€Å"No, but I'm sure it was on the list.† â€Å"Nick, in all our time as partners, have I ever indicated that I wanted to discuss your sexuality?† â€Å"Well, not beyond using it to threaten suspects.† â€Å"And have I ever offered to share the details of my sex life with Alice?† â€Å"I just assumed you didn't have one.† â€Å"Well, that's not really relevant. I'm just saying, I'm fine with you just the way you are.† â€Å"Mantastic, you mean?† â€Å"Sure, go with that. Although I was thinking more of large and furry, yet afraid of tiny girls.† â€Å"Well, you can't hit her, she's a kid,† Cavuto whined. They found parking in a garage near Barney's. Rivera pulled into a no-parking spot (because he could) and shut off the engine. He sat back and looked at the wall in front of them. â€Å"So, vampire cats,† Cavuto said. â€Å"Yeah,† said Rivera. â€Å"We're fucked,† said the big cop. â€Å"Yeah,† said Rivera.

One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest †A Movie Review Essay

Reviewing a movie which has been considered a classic by contemporary judgment by the academy awards committee is always difficult. Milos Forman’s, â€Å"One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest† is one such film which has won critical claim winning five Oscars including Best Motion Picture, Best Director, Best Actor (Jack Nicholson), Actress (Louise Fletcher) and Screenplay (Bo Goldman). (Forman, 1975). The director and the cast is apparently well identifiable so are perhaps the characters to those who have read the book of the same name by Ken Kessey. This has however been creatively adapted in the film leading to the screen play also winning an Oscar in its category. The acting, music and the film score are thus perfect though not necessarily without areas for improvement while the technical parameters of lighting, sound and camera work is also befitting this movie which will remain a classic of its times. Without depriving the director and the actors of their credits, it would be prudent to critically examine facets which could have been projected differently or improved upon. Randle Patrick McMurphy (Nicholson) the principal protagonist in the movie is a criminal who declares himself insane while serving a relatively short prison term with a view to avoid the misery and discomfort of prison life. He ends up in a mental asylum run by a nurse who is regarded as a tyrant by her patients as she exercises total control over them. Nurse Ratched’s (Fletcher) influence is all the more telling on those patients who have come to the asylum voluntarily rather than for treatment of a mental illness. Thus their submission has been institutionalized by the need for recommendations of Ratched for their release and treatment such as shock therapies which would be torturous for normal persons. McMurphy’s induction into this scenario was bound to create friction for he is an eternal rebellious, bounder who however is impervious that many of his fellow mates just as he himself are faking treatment. As in such establishments friendships develop and McMurphy is drawn towards Billy Bibbit (Dourif) a man with suicidal tendencies and Chief Bromden (Sampson) the original narrator of the plot in the book. Bromden is a schizophrenic and a native America who is respected for his size rather than his physical infirmities being deaf and dumb. While McMurphy and Bromden are defiant towards Nurse Ratched’s domineering attitude Bibbit is submissive. Their friendship develops particularly when McMurphy discovers that Bromden is faking deafness. Thus he lets him know his plans for escape. On a late winter night, McMurphy enters clandestinely into the nurse’s station and calls his girl friend to assist him in escape. The girl comes with her friend who is seduced by Billy. When the binge ends, the wreckage of the party is noticeable leading to heavy reprimand by Ratched principally directed at Billy. Being weak and also perhaps guilty, Billy commits suicide, in turn leading to McMurphy going into a violent rage and strangling Ratched almost to her death. A lobotomy operation is carried out on McMurphy whose plight leads the Chief to strangle him with a pillow before making good his escape from the asylum to Canada. The plot of the movie is generally based on the book, though the screen play adaptation does not provide centrality to the role of the narrator, Bromden (Sampson), a fact rued by the author (Kessey) who had written the book based on real life characters in a mental asylum. The theme explores multiple strands, escapism represented by people voluntarily declaring themselves as insane and getting admitted in a mental asylum, politics of such establishments, power of the nurses and how it is ruthlessly exercised and the desperation of individuals caught within the rot in such systems. It is indeed a very complex plot to portray and the director has done justice in most parts of the film. The actors in their roles have been near perfect, with McMurphy very aptly portrayed by Nicholson including the naivete on entering the asylum, inability to understand the complex relationships that emerge and power games that he plays with Ratched. Fletcher as the demonic tyrant and prima donna of an asylum is also just right. So are the other supporting actors. For those who have read the book as well as seen the film, the exception of not viewing it through narration by Chief Bromden may appear striking, but for others it would not be that relevant. This was also seen as a notable flaw in the movie by the author, Kessey apart from wrong casting of Nicholson as McMurphy, though the critical acclaim received by the actor should lead us to overlook the writer’s comments as being too attached to the original script. There are instances however when Forman tends to stray from the main theme and the digressions prove to be not just unconvincing but also greatly weaken the plot. The suicide by Billy is inappropriately portrayed and results in creating an impact of an imposition on the viewer which is not effectively weaved in the plot. The fishing trip on a stolen boat is perhaps the weakest link as it takes the plot on an indefinable course. The scene with all the principals on the deck of a fishing boat looks totally incongruous and the intent of the director is not discernible. Despite these infirmities, this is one movie which cannot be missed by any American. Reference: 1. Forman, Milos. (1975). One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest.

Reality Therapy

Reality Therapy Free Online Research Papers What is Reality Therapy Psychology Essay Reality therapists believe that changing what we do is the key to changing how we feel and to getting what we want (Glasser, 1997). The name reality, though catchy, is easily misunderstood by those who assume that reality therapy has something to do with giving people â€Å"a dose of reality (Rogha, 2005). The focus of this paper will be to explore the various uses and overall effectiveness of reality therapy among a diverse population. From a realistic perspective it is very hard to change our emotions directly. It is easier to change our thinking: to decide, for example, that we will no longer think of ourselves as victims or to decide that in our thoughts we will concentrate on what we can do rather than what we think everybody else ought to do. Reality Therapy First and foremost, the founder of reality therapy, Dr. William Glasser does not believe in the concept of mental illness unless there is something organically wrong with the brain that can be confirmed by a pathologist (Howatt, 2001). Therefore, this counseling/psychological approach which is a cause and effect theory that explains human behavior is considered controversial by some mainstream professionals as non-traditional. Early on, he (Glasser)came to the conclusion that genetically we are social creatures and need each other and that the cause of almost all psychological symptoms is our inability to get along with the important people in our lives. In this paper, I will examine the above ideas which focus on personal choice, personal responsibility and personal transformation in an attempt to show the effectiveness of reality therapy among a diverse population of clients. Dr. William Glasser has used his theories to assist helping professionals in dealing with a myriad of client problems and to influence broader social issues such as education, marriage, and advocating mental health as a public health issue. He does not believe in punishment as a deterrent. Punishment is external control that can seldom be effective because people understand that they have choices and never internalize the lesson intended (Pierce, 2003). Reality therapy introduces the concept of total behavior which explains that all behavior is made up of four different but inseparable components: acting, thinking, feeling and physiology. (Glasser, 1997). According to this model of therapy, â€Å"acting and thinking are directly under our control and it is these components therapists focus on when they practice reality therapy. Focus is not on how people feel or on the physiology of their brains because none of us have direct and predictable control over these two components† (Glasser, 1997). If we want to change how we feeland almost all clients want to feel betterwe have to make more effective acting and thinking choices such as finding a friend if we are painfully lonely ( Petersen, 2005). If we find one and we are happy, this choice will also change our brain chemistry from the chemistry of loneliness, (usually the chemistry associated with choosing to depress) to the normal chemistry of satisfying our need to love and belong (Glasser, 1997; Howatt, 2003; Jones, 2005). Among the philosophical underlying principles of reality therapy are the following: â€Å"People are responsible for their own behavior; human beingsnot society, not heredity, not historydetermine their own choices; People can change and live more effective lives; People need not remain victims of external forces, neither do they need to wait for the rest of the world to change before being able to satisfy their own needs; People generate behavior and make choices for a purpose: to mold their environmentas a sculptor molds clayto match their own inner pictures (quality world) of what they want in order to satisfy the five needs described above† (Glasser, 1997). Reality therapy concentrates on the clients needs and getting them to confront the reality of the world. Client needs consist of survival, power, love, freedom, and fun. Survival includes the things that we need in order to stay alive, such as food, clothing and shelter. Power is our sense of achievement and feeling worthwhile, as well as the competitive desire to win. Love and belonging represent our social needs, to be accepted by groups, families and loved ones. Freedom is our need for our own space, a sense of independence and autonomy. Fun is our need to enjoy ourselves and seek pleasure. â€Å"We seek to fulfill these needs at all times, whether we are conscious of it or not (Glasser, 1997; Howatt, 2003; Jones, 2005; Loyd, 2005; Petersen, 2005; Pierre. 2003; Turnage et at, 2003; Wubbolding Brickell, 2004; Yaniger, 2003). Choice theory, a theory of how our brain functions that supports reality therapy, directly challenges the belief system that says we have no choice and therefore can blame others and society for our problems (Rogha, 2005). I contend that when we are unable to figure out how to satisfy one or more of the five basic needs built into our genetic structure that are the source of all human motivation, we sometimes choose to behave in ways that are currently labeled as mental illness. Moreover, choice theory explains that, not only do we choose all our unhappy behaviors, but every behavior we choose is made up of four components, one of which is how we feel as we behave (Howatt, 2003). What is common to these ineffective and unsatisfying choices, no matter what they may be, is unhappiness: there is no happiness in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM). When we choose a behavior that satisfies our needs, immediately or eventually, we feel good. When we choose a behavior that fails to satisfy our needs, sooner or later, we feel bad. But the choice to be unhappy is certainly not mental illness. Our society is flooded with people who are choosing anxious, fearful, depressive, obsessive, crazy, hostile, violent, addictive and withdrawn behaviors. All of them are seriously unhappy; there is no shortage of unhappy people in the world (Turnage, Jacinto, Kirven, 2003). However, many mental health practitioners reject therapy as useless or time-consuming. Mental health practitioners who strongly believe in mental illness have tunnel vision. Either they dont or won’t see the unhappy people described above a capable of helping themselves or benefiting from therapy. They see them as suffering from a mental illness i.e., brain pathology, incapable of helping themselves without drugs. In his new book, Reality Therapy in Action, 2005, Dr. Glasser describes how his use of reality therapy has helped many seriously symptomatic clients choose to function normally without the use of drugs. He is far from alone in what he does. Hundreds of thousands of symptomatic people are helped each year by psychotherapy without the use of drugs because most of the effective psychotherapy in the world is done by therapists who cannot prescribe them (Glasser, 1997).Therefore, we can fairly conclude that unhappy people need empathetic and compassionate therapists, not prescriptions. In Choice Theory, the concept of total behavior explains that all behavior is made up of four different but inseparable components: acting, thinking, feeling and physiology ( Glasser, 1997; Petersen, 2005). Acting and thinking are directly under our control and it is these components to focus on in practicing reality therapy dont focus on how people feel or on the physiology of their brains because none of us have direct and predictable control over these two components (Glasser, 1997). Almost all approaches to psychology assume that people have certain basic needs and, indeed, there is broad agreement on what these needs are (Howatt, 2003). The concept of reality therapy is based on choice theory, a systematic explanation of how the human mind works. According to choice theory, â€Å"human beings choose many of their behaviors in order to satisfy innate human needs: self-preservation or survival, belonging and love, achievement or power or inner-control, freedom or independence, and fun or enjoyment.† (Glasser, 1997; Howatt, 2001; Howatt, 2003; Jones et al., Lyod, 2005; Petersen, 2005; Pierre, 2003; Turnage et al., 2003; Wubbolding and Brickell, 2004). One of the core principles of reality therapy is that, whether we are aware of it or not, we are all the time acting to meet the above five basic needs. But we dont necessarily act effectively. One effective way to meet our need for belonging is socializing with people whether they are in our quality world or not (Howatt, 2001). Sitting in a corner and crying in the hope that people will come to us is generally an ineffective way of meeting that needit may work, but it is painful and carries a terribly high price for ourselves and others. So if life is unsatisfactory or we are distressed or in trouble, â€Å"one basic thing to check is whether or not we are succeeding in meeting our basic psychological needs for power, belonging, freedom and fun.† (Glasser, 1997). In this society the survival need is normally being met it is in how we meet the other four psychological needs that we run into trouble (Glasser, 1997). So what really drives us as social beings is our wants. We dont think of our needs as such. We think of what we want, behave to get what we want, fantasize about what we want and so on. So while a counselor in reality therapy would check out whether a client is meeting his or her needs the three basic questions that are asked are: (1.) What do you want?, (2.) What are you doing to get what you want?, and (3.) Is it working? †¦ (Glasser, 2005) At the very heart of Glassers Choice Theory is the idea that the only person I can really control is me. If I think I can control others I am moving in the direction of frustration. If I think others can control me (and so are to blame for all that goes on in my life) I tend to do nothing and again head toward frustration. There may indeed be things that happen to us and for which we are not personally responsible but we can choose what we do about these things. Trying to control other people is a game, from the point of view of Reality Therapy. â€Å"It is a never-ending battle, alienates us from others and causes endless pain and frustration† (Glasser, 1997). This begs the question, isn’t this why it is vital to stick to what is in our own control to do and to respect the right of other people to meet their needs? Exactly! Reality therapy does visit the past but probably to a lesser extent than those who use other theories. This is not a criticism of those who use other counseling/psychological theory’s, it is simply a way in which this therapeutic approach is different. Dr. Glasser’s counseling model adheres to the principles of teaching clients strategies that take control of their lives, in a manner that makes sense as to where they are. Not surprisingly, â€Å"when clients are able to understand and accept internal locus of control, total behavior, organized behaviors, wants vs. needs, comparing places, and the feedback loop, their chances for a healthy recovery are greater.† (Glasser, 1997; Howatt, 2003). Not only are the bad things that happened to us there but our successes are there too. The focus of the practitioner of Reality Therapy is to learn what needs to be learned about the past but to move as quickly as feasible to empowering the client to satisfy his or her needs and wants in the present and in the future (Glasser, 1997). This is because it is our present perceptions that influence our present behavior and so it is these faulty perceptions that the Reality Therapy practitioner helps the client to work through. In conclusion, Reality therapy teaches clients choice theory. Moreover, this counseling model asserts that because behavior is chosen, abdicating personal responsibility, or blaming others or society for problems is unacceptable (Petersen, 2005). According to all I have read it is very much a therapy of hope, based on the conviction that we are all products of the past. Accepting that we are products of our prospective pasts we do not have to focus on the past and continue being its victims. We can, of course, get an instant sense of control from alcohol, cigarettes, caffeine and some other drugs. Unfortunately, our lives are never more out of control than when we are drunk or drugged. There are very few people in this world who ever woke up with a hangover to find that they had fewer problems than they had when they started drinking the night before. Excessive drinking and the use of drugs have to be replaced by doing something elseand that something else has to have a fair chance of getting us what we want in life. After extensive reading and research, I can safely summarize that many counselors/therapists working with Attention Deficit Disorder (ADD), Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), addiction, anger management, anxiety, depression, domestic violence, mental disorders, pain therapy, substance abuse, and recovery have found this approach useful. Consequently, it is unrealistic to state emphatically that Reality Therapy works for all clients, because it obviously does not. I really like this counseling model because it is effectively altered my personal perception of behavior. The quote, â€Å"keep doing what you’re doing, keep getting what you’re getting† (Vitatoe, 2005) was/is very powerful for me as an individual and a professional. Moreover, it is a very effective counseling model for addictive behaviors and helping certain clients deal with the â€Å"here and now† of their daily lives. References Glasser, W. (1997), Choice theory and student success, Education Digest, 63, 3, p.16, 6p Howatt, W. (2001), The evolution of reality therapy to choice theory. International Journal of Reality Therapy, 21(2), 7-11 Howatt, W. (2003), Choice theory: A core addiction recovery tool, International Journal of Reality Therapy, 22(2), 12-14 Jones, L. Parish, T. (2005), Ritalin vs. choice theory and reality therapy, International Journal of Reality Therapy, XXV, 1, 34-35 Loyd, B.(2005), The effects of reality therapy/choice theory on high school students’ perception of needs, satisfaction and behavioral change, International Journal of Reality Therapy, XXV, 1, 5-9 Peterson, C. (2005), Reality therapy and individual or adlerian psychology: A comparison, International Journal of Reality Therapy, XXIV, 2, 11-14 Pierre, J. (2003), Mindfulness based reality therapy (MRT), International Journal of Reality Therapy, XXIII, 2, 20-23 Turnage, B., Jacinoto, G., Kirven, J.(2003), Reality therapy, domestic violence survivors, and self-forgiveness, International Journal of Reality Therapy, XXII, 1, 7-11 Wubbolding, R. Brickell, J. (2004), Role play and the art of teaching choice theory, reality therapy, and lead management, International Journal of Reality Therapy, XXII, 2, 41-43 Yaniger, B. (2003), Self-evaluation of quality choice in reality therapy, International Journal of Reality Therapy, XXI, 2, 4-10 Research Papers on Reality TherapyThree Concepts of PsychodynamicRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenCapital PunishmentInfluences of Socio-Economic Status of Married MalesGenetic EngineeringThe Project Managment Office SystemPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyHip-Hop is ArtBionic Assembly System: A New Concept of Self

The 3 Types of Joints in the Body

The 3 Types of Joints in the Body Bones come together at places in the body called joints, which enable us to move our bodies in different ways. Key Takeaways: Joints Joints are locations in the body where bones meet. They enable movement and are classified by either their structure or function.Structural classifications of joints include fibrous, cartilaginous, and synovial joints.Functional classifications of joints include immovable, slightly movable, and freely movable joints.Freely movable (synovial) joints are most abundant and include six types: pivot, hinge, condyloid, saddle, plane, and ball-and-socket joints. There are three types of joints in the body. Synovial joints are freely movable and allow for motion at the location where bones meet. They provide a wide range of motion and flexibility. Other joints provide more stability and less flexibility. Bones at cartilaginous joints connected by cartilage and are slightly movable. Bones at fibrous joints are immovable and connected by fibrous connective tissue. Joints can be classified by either their structure or function. Structural classifications are based on how the bones at joints are connected. Fibrous, synovial, and cartilaginous are structural classifications of joints. Classifications based on joint function consider how movable bones are at joint locations. These classifications include immovable (synarthrosis), slightly movable (amphiarthrosis), and freely movable (diarthrosis) joints. Immovable (Fibrous) Joints Fibrous joints hold skull bones together to protect the brain. Leonello Calvetti/Stocktrek Images/Getty Images Immovable or fibrous joints are those that do not allow movement (or allow for only very slight movement) at joint locations. Bones at these joints have no joint cavity and are held together structurally by thick fibrous connective tissue, usually collagen. These joints are important for stability and protection. There are three types of immovable joints: sutures, syndesmosis, and gomphosis. Sutures: These narrow fibrous joints connect bones of the skull (excluding the jaw bone). In adults, the bones are held tightly together to protect the brain and help shape the face. In newborns and infants, bones at these joints are separated by a larger area of connective tissue and are more flexible. Overtime, cranial bones fuse together providing more stability and protection for the brain.Syndesmosis: This type of fibrous joint connects two bones that are relatively far apart. The bones are linked by ligaments or a thick membrane (interosseous membrane). A syndesmosis can be found between the bones of the forearm (ulna and radius) and between the two long bones of the lower leg (tibia and fibula).Gomphosis: This type of fibrous joint holds a tooth in place in its socket in the upper and lower jaw. A gomphosis is an exception to the rule that joints connect bone to bone, as it connects teeth to bone. This specialized joint is also called a peg and socket joint and allows for limi ted to no movement. Slightly Movable (Cartilaginous) Joints Intervertebral discs are cartilaginous joints, composed of thick fibrocartilage, that support bones while allowing limited movement. MedicalRF.com/Getty Images Slightly movable joints permit some movement but provide less stability than immovable joints. These joints can be structurally classified as cartilaginous joints, as bones are connected by cartilage at the joints. Cartilage is a tough, elastic connective tissue that helps to reduce friction between bones. Two types of cartilage may be found at cartilaginous joints: hyaline cartilage and fibrocartilage. Hyaline cartilage is very flexible and elastic, while fibrocartilage is stronger and less flexible. Cartilaginous joints formed with hyaline cartilage can be found between certain bones of the rib cage. Intervertebral discs located between spinal vertebrae are examples of slightly movable joints composed of fibrocartilage. The fibrocartilage provides support for bones while allowing for limited movement. These are important functions as it relates to the spinal column as spinal vertebrae help to protect the spinal cord. The pubic symphysis (which connects the right and left hip bones) is another example of a cartilaginous joint that unites bones with fibrocartilage. The pubic symphysis helps to support and stabilize the pelvis. Freely Movable (Synovial) Joints Synovial joints are freely movable and provide the greatest degree of mobility. OpenStax College/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 3.0 Freely movable joints are classified structurally as synovial joints. Unlike fibrous and cartilaginous joints, synovial joints have a joint cavity (fluids of synovial joints include joints in the wrist, elbow, knees, shoulders, and hip. Three main structural components are found in all synovial joints and include a synovial cavity, articular capsule, and articular cartilage. Synovial Cavity: This space between adjacent bones is filled with synovial fluid and is where bones can move freely in relation to each another. Synovial fluid helps to prevent friction between bones.Articular Capsule: Composed of fibrous connective tissue, this capsule surrounds the joint and connects to adjacent bones. The inner layer of the capsule is lined with a synovial membrane that produces the thick synovial fluid.Articular Cartilage: Within the articular capsule, the rounded ends of adjacent bones are covered with smooth articular (relating to joints) cartilage composed of hyaline cartilage. Articular cartilage absorbs shock and provides a smooth surface for fluent movements. Additionally, bones at synovial joints may be supported by structures outside of the joint such as ligaments, tendons, and bursae (fluid-filled sacs that reduce friction between supporting structures at joints). Types of Synovial Joints in the Body OpenStax College/Wikimedia Commons/CC BY 3.0 Synovial joints allow for a number of different types of body movements. There are six types of synovial joints found at different locations in the body. Pivot Joint: This joint permits rotational movement around a single axis. One bone is encircled by a ring formed by the other bone at the joint and a ligament. The bone that pivots may either rotate within the ring or the ring may rotate around the bone. The joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae near the base of the skull is an example of a pivot joint. It allows the head to turn from side to side.Hinge Joint: This joint permits bending and straightening movements along one plane. Similar to a door hinge, movement is limited to a single direction. Examples of hinge joints include the elbow, knee, ankle, and joints between the bones of the fingers and toes.Condyloid Joint: Several different types of movements are allowed by this type of joint, including bending and straightening, side-to-side, and circular movements. One of the bones has an oval-shaped, or convex, end (male surface) that fits into the depressed oval-shaped, or concave end (female surface) of another bo ne. This type of joint can be found between the radius bone of the forearm and bones of the wrist. Saddle Joint: These distinct joints are very flexible, allowing for bending and straightening, side-to-side, and circular movements. The bones at these joints form what looks like a rider on a saddle. One bone is turned inward at one end, while the other is turned outward. An example of a saddle joint is the thumb joint between the thumb and palm.Plane Joint: Bones at this type of joint slide past each other in a gliding motion. The bones at plane joints are of similar size and the surfaces where the bones meet at the joint are nearly flat. These joints can be found between bones of the wrist and foot, as well as between the collar bone and shoulder blade.Ball-and-Socket Joint: These joints allow the greatest degree of motion permitting bending and straitening, side-to-side, circular, and rotational movement. The end of one bone at this type of joint is rounded (ball) and fits into the cupped end (socket) of another bone. The hip and shoulder joints are examples of ball-and-socket jo ints. Each of the different types of synovial joints allows for specialized movements that permit different degrees of motion. They may allow movement in a single direction only or movement along multiple planes, depending on the type of joint. The range of motion of a joint is therefore limited by the type of joint and by its supporting ligaments and muscles. Sources Betts, J. Gordon. Anatomy and Physiology. Kelly A. Young, James A. Wise, et al., OpenStax at Rice University. Chen, Hao. Heads, Shoulders, Elbows, Knees, and Toes: Modular Gdf5 Enhancers Control Different Joints in the Vertebrate Skeleton. Terence D. Capellini, Michael Schoor, et al., PLOS Genetics, November 30, 2016.

Microeconomics Term Paper. Monopoly or oligopoly Essay

Microeconomics Term Paper. Monopoly or oligopoly - Essay Example An oligopoly is an imperfect competition among the few firms and it applies to an industry that has a few competing firms. Each firm competing in this imperfect market has enough power just like the other firms to prevent it becoming a price taker. However, each firm that competes in an oligopoly is subject to inter-firm rivalry to prevent it from viewing the market demand curve as its own. In the modern economies, oligopolies are the dominant market structures that characterize the production of capital and consumer goods and other industrial materials such as steel and aluminum. The U.S. steel industry, for example, experienced the emergence of mini-mills that had lower capital costs in the 1980s. The mini-mills came up as a new industry segment that developed when the US steel industry had declined because of the Japanese competition. Nippon Steel Company, a Japanese firm was created to match the size of steel companies in US and acted as a key factor in the growth of the Japanese steel industry. The Japanese steel industry invested heavily in modern technology that served to increase the steel production by a percentage of 2216 in a period of 30 years between 1950 to 1980. As such, the mini-mills and imports had gained a quarter of the US market each by 1980 forcing many previous steel-based companies diversifying into new markets (Collard-Wexler & De Loecker, 2013). This situation led to several changes in the market. The US government restricted imports to a quarter of the total internal market to save the US steel industry. Other changes that occurred include the investment of $ 9 billion in the increase of technological competitiveness, weakening of stringent pollution control laws and increasing labor productivity by cutting workers wages. The value of the dollar failed and increased import prices discouraging foreign competition. This stabilized the mini-mills to increase their market